The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.